Contents
Glossary

A

Access Channel

Anchor

Article

B

C

Client

D

Data Channel

Domain name

Domain Name System (DNS)

E

F

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

Firewall

G

H

Host

HostAddress

HostName

Hypertext

HyperText Markup Language (HTML)

HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

I

Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)

Internet Protocol (IP)

IP Address

J

K

L

Link

M

Mail List

N

Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP)

O

P

Packet

Post Office Protocol (POP)

Port

Port Number

Protocol

Q

R

Request For Comment (RFC)

S

Server

Service

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

Socket

Stream mode

T

Tags

Transport Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)

U

Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

V

W

WinSock

World Wide Web (WWW or W3)

X

Y

Z


Access Channel

The channel used to pass commands/requests between FTP client and server machines. The access channel is one channel of a two channel model used by FTP. The other channel is called the data channel.


Anchor

Anchors are HTML formatting codes that have special meaning. They include a URL to specify links to data on the WWW.


Article

An article is a network news message. Articles are grouped by topic, called a newsgroup. Articles are stored on NNTP servers.


Client

A computer system or process that requests a service of another computer system or process. A workstation requesting the contents of a file from a file server is a client of the file server. See also server.


Data Channel

The channel used to pass file data between FTP client and server machines. The data channel is one channel of a two channel model used by FTP. The other channel is called the access channel.


Domain name

The name of a computer site (or subnetwork) on the Internet. Each organization on the Internet has a domain name for example, "progress.com". To refer to a specific computer at a remote site, you must use a full host name, which includes a domain name.


Domain Name System (DNS)

An addressing system for computers on the Internet that allows the use of  names for computers instead of IP addresses. DNS is a query service that looks up host names and provides the equivalent host IP address.


File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

The TCP/IP based protocol that enables you to copy files between computers on the Internet.


Firewall

A security system that limits outside access to an Internet site.


Host

A computer that allows users to communicate with other host computers on a network. A host is usually a computer acting as a server. You may be able to login, access files, exchange mail, etc. by accessing a host using an appropriate protocol.


HostAddress

A property common to all of the Crescent Internet ToolPak controls that contains the IP address for a computer.


HostName

A property common to all of the Crescent Internet ToolPak controls that contains a computer's name that equates to an IP address. A full host name is the name of the computer followed by the domain name, for example "gorgon.progress.com".


Hypertext

A digital document or collection of documents that may include formatted text, images, sound, video, executable programs and links.


HyperText Markup Language (HTML)

A document formatting language that enables you to link information within single and multiple documents that are stored at single or multiple locations on the Internet. Defined in RFC 1866.


HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

The TCP/IP based protocol that enables sharing of hypertext documents.


Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)

An internet protocol that enables you to access remote message folders, or mailboxes as if they were local to the client.


Internet Protocol (IP)

The protocol that enables data to be passed from one computer to another.


IP Address

The unique 32-bit number assigned to a computer attached to the Internet. This number is expressed as four integers (one for each byte), separated by periods. For example: "192.9.145.23". The Crescent Internet ToolPak controls implement this value as HostAddress.


Link

A reference in a hypertext document that specifies a location in a hypertext document. A user may select (click on) the visual representation of  a link to view the referenced location in the document.


Mail List

A special kind of email address also known as an alias. Its function is to remail incoming mail to a list of subscribers.


Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP)

The TCP/IP based protocol for the distribution, inquiry, retrieval, and posting of news articles. Defined in RFC 977.


Packet

A chunk of information sent over the network. The packet size and contents vary depending on the protocol.


Post Office Protocol (POP)

The TCP/IP based protocol that allows remote clients to retrieve email from a server. Defined in RFC 1725.


Port

A port is the portion of the computer that connects to external devices (usually communications devices). For example, an Ethernet card provides a network port. Internet protocols allow for multiple "virtual" ports known as sockets on a single network card.


Port Number

A number (integer) assigned to each program that is active on the network. A port number identifies a socket.


Protocol

The set of rules or conventions that govern information exchange between computers. Protocols can describe low-level details of machine-to-machine interfaces (e.g., the order in which bits and bytes are sent across a wire) or high-level exchanges between application programs (e.g., the way in which two programs transfer a file across the Internet).


Request For Comment (RFC)

A document that specifies standards and conventions for Internet protocols. Official Internet standards documents are maintained at the following URL  http://www.internic.net/ds/dspg0intdoc.html


Server

A computer that provides a service to other computers on a network.


Service

A service is a network accessible capability provided by a server computer. A service expects to receive commands conforming to a specific protocol from a client computer on a particular socket. A service returns responses to the client based on the commands received.


Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

The TCP/IP based protocol that allows computers (usually servers) to exchange email. In addition, client computers usually send email to servers via SMTP.


Socket

A socket is a logical port, identified by a port number. TCP/IP sends data packets between sockets on hosts. Usually a specific standard socket is assigned to be used by each Internet protocol such as SMTP, FTP, and HTTP.


Stream mode

One of three transmission modes supported by the FTP protocol. When data is passed in stream mode, it is passed as a raw stream of bytes.


Tags

Tags are HTML codes that are used to specify the formatting of documents on the World Wide Web (WWW).


Transport Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)

The protocol that is the primary underlying protocol of the Internet. TCP/IP governs the format, routing, and reliable flow of packets between computers. Defined in http://www.internic.net/std/std7.txt.


Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

The URL is a standard for specifying links on the WWW. It identifies a resource (usually a file), its location and access method. URLs can be absolute or relative. An absolute URL is a complete address for the WWW object including the host name; while a relative URL is a partial address for the WWW object.


WinSock

WinSock is short for Windows Sockets. Windows Sockets is a standard API (set of functions) that allows Windows programs to work with TCP/IP.


World Wide Web (WWW or W3)

A hypertext-based distributed information system created by researchers at CERN Switzerland. This system uses the HTML and HTTP protocols to make hypertext "documents" available to clients.